Difference between eating disorders

Anorexia
It is a psychological disorder. Anorexia is a condition that goes beyond out-of-control dieting. A person with anorexia initially begins dieting to lose weight. Over time, the weight loss becomes a sign of mastery and control. The drive to become thinner is actually secondary to concerns about control and/or fears relating to one's body. The individual continues the endless cycle of restrictive eating often to a point close to starvation in order to feel a sense of control over the body. This cycle becomes an obsession and is similar to any type of drug or substance addiction.

Complications
The most common causes of death in people with anorexia are medical complications of the condition including cardiac arrest and electrolyte imbalances. Suicide is also a cause of death in people with anorexia.

Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the overall prognosis in an individual with anorexia. With appropriate treatment, about half of those affected will make a full recovery. Some people experience a fluctuating pattern of weight gain followed by a relapse, while others experience a progressively deteriorating course of the illness over many years and still others never fully recover. It is estimated that about 20% of people with anorexia remain chronically ill from the condition.

As with many other addictions, it takes a day-to-day effort to control the urge to relapse. Many individuals will require ongoing treatment for anorexia over several years, and some may require treatment over their entire lifetime


Binge eating
Response to depression, stress or anything that is related to body weight, shape or food. Binge eating often brings on a feeling of calm and happiness, but the self loathing because of overeating soon replaces the short lived euphoria. An individual will feel an impairment or loss of control during binging and purging will become a way of regaining control.


Bulimia
Characterized by episodes of secretive excessive eating followed by inappropriate methods of weight control, such as self induced vomiting (purging), laxatives abuse or excessive exercise. It is a condition that is psychologically induced. This cycle of overeating and purging can quickly become an obsession. This disorder generally occurs after a variety of unsuccessful attempts at dieting.

Unlike anorexics, bulimics experience significant weight fluctuations, but their weight loss is not as severe as anorexics.

Bulimia is generally felt to begin with a dissatisfaction of the person's body. The individual may actually be underweight, but when the person looks in a mirror they see a distorted image and feel heavier than they really are. At first, this distorted body image leads to dieting. As the body image in the mirror continues to be seen as larger than it actually is, the dieting escalates and can lead to bulimic practices.

Complications
Self-induced vomiting can result in oral complications. Repeated exposure to acidic gastric contents can erode tooth enamel, increase dental cavities, and create a sensitivity to hot or cold food. Swelling and soreness in the salivary glands (such as the parotid glands in the cheeks) from repeated vomiting can also be a concern.

The esophagus and the colon are the areas most affected by bulimic behaviors. Repeated vomiting can result in ulcers, ruptures, or strictures of the esophagus. Acid that backs up from the stomach (reflux) can also become a problem.

As with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders, irregular menstrual periods or amenorrhea (the absence of menstrual periods) may result from malnutrition or weight fluctuations associated with bulimia.

There are a number of intestinal and systemic complications. The misuse of diuretics can create an abnormal buildup of fluid (edema). Continual use of laxatives can result in dependency on them and can cause the normal elimination process to become dysfunctional. Loss of normal colonic function can necessitate surgical intervention in some cases. Restoration of normal bowel function may take weeks after the misuse has been discontinued. The misuse of diuretics and laxatives combined can place the bulimic at great risk for electrolyte imbalance, which can have life-threatening consequences. The complex physical and chemical processes involved in the maintenance of life can be disrupted with serious consequences by the continuation of bulimic and purging behaviors. Additional complications can affect an unborn fetus of a practicing bulimic or the infant of an active bulimic mother. Psychological problems can escalate to serious levels if untreated and interfere with the restoration of normal body functions.